It's inflammation or degeneration of the peripheral nerves and/or the cranial nerves resulting in impairment of their conductivity leading to motor, sensory, and autonomic manifestations.
Autonomic manifestation:
Impotence and lost testicular sensation.
Sensory, motor, or autonomic bladder.
Postural hypotension resting tachycardia.
Silent myocardial infarction.
Gastroparesis: indigestion and delayed gastric emptying.
Hyperhydrosis or anhydrosis.
Trophic skin changes: ulcers, loss of hair, brittle nails, and Charcot's neuropathic joint.
Treatment of diabetic neuropathy:
Optimal glucose control is the most effective method of preventing the development of diabetic neuropathy.
Vasodilators:
e.g., #pentoxyfylline 400mg/12h increases RBCs' flexibility.
Vitamins B1, B6, B 12 daily & ATP.
For the neuropathic pain:
Anticonvulsants:
#Pregabalin:75-300 mg /day.
#gabapentin :400-2400mg/day.
#Carbamazepine and Oxcarbazepine
#Antidepressants: -#Duloxetine-#Venlafaxine
-#tricyclic antidepressants (#Amitriptyline, #Nortriptyline).
#physiotherapy if motor weakness is present.
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